Access Charges in the Convergence Era
Costs, CALLS and “uneconomic bypass”
- Failure of USF costing preserves inflated access rates and CLEC arbitrage opportunities
- Universal service constraints to loop/NTS cost allocations to end users (SLC, PICC, etc.)
- Competing financial (depreciation) and market (bandwidth charges) ILEC challenges
- Major players (CALLS) unilaterally dictating access charge policies